Bhaasha Andolon Of Bangladesh

2005-12-13T03:29:00.000-08:00

Bangla Language Movement

21 February 1952

Language Monument

Language Heroes

Rafiq, Salam, Barkat, Jabbar

Rafiq (Rafiq Uddin Ahmed): The eldest son of Abdul Latif Miyan and Rafiza Khatun, Shahid Rafique hailed from Paril a village in the Manikganj district. The Miyan family runs printing business, a business Rafiq was running in 1952. Rafique had four younger brothers: Rashid, Khaleque (a freedom fighter) Salam and Khorshed Alam. Rafique was distinguished, since his childhood, as a supportive, upright, patriotic social worker with passion for music and theatre. He staged and acted in various plays in the neighboring villages.

A pretty cousin of his, gorgeous Rahela Khanom Panu from the next door neighbor, was Rafiquw’s sweet heart. Their passionate love affair was recognized by Rafique’s parents and they organized their wedding. Accompanied by his nephew, Rafique went to Dhaka for shopping for his forthcoming wedding.

On 21^st February 1952, although scheduled to return home with his shopping-sari, blouse, churies, alta (lac dye), powder and some ornaments-Rafique, due to his love for Bangla language, instead of going home, joined the protest rally of Bangla Language Movement organized by the students of Dhaka university leaving his shopping with his nephew. His love for his mother tongue surpassed his life long passion for his sweet heart Panu to whom he never returned as a groom. Shot dead by the Paki cops in the language procession on 21^st February, Rafique’s dead body was later dumped by the Paki commandos (who stole the dead bodies of language martyrs from Dhaka Medical college morgue) in the Azimpur grave yard where thousands of Bangalees paid their homage the next morning.

Barkat (Abul Barkat): An MA final year student of the department of political science of Dhaka University. Barkat was born on 16 June 1927 at Babla village of Murshidabad district in India. His father’s name was late Shamsuddin and his local address was Bishnu Priya Bhaban, Purana Paltan, Dhaka.

Salam (Abdus Salam): A staff member of the industrial directorate. Salam was shot on 21st February and died in Dhaka Medical College hospital on 17 April 1952. Father: Mohd Fajil Miah.

Jabbar (Abdul Jabbar): Bangla Language martyr Abdul Jabbar was born on 26 Ashwin, 1326B (1927) in Pachua village, Gaforgaon, Mymensingh. His father’s name was Hasen Ali and mother’s name Safatun Nesa. Jabbar was the eldest son of his family. His schooling started in 1333B (1934) at the Dhopaghat Krishibazar Primary school. After finishing year five at the primary school, Jabbar quit school being upset with his father and left home.

Jabbar, however, returned home after a few months. But later he left for Rangun from Narayanganj. The captain of the ship Jabbar boarded on to go to Ranguan promised him a job in the ship. But he never got the job due to poor health. Returning home, Jabbar organized a village defense group with boys from the neighborhood and took the led the group as its commander. In 1949 he married one of his friends’ sister, Amina Khatun, and settled down. One and a half year after the marriage Jabbar and Amina had a baby boy. The boy was named Nurul Islam Badol.

In February 1952 Jabbar’s mother-in-law fell ill. Jabbar took her to Dhaka for treatment. With the help of one Sirajul Islam, a doctor from the neighboring village, Jabbar managed to admit his mother-in-law in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. In 1952 the Provincial Assembly of East Bangla was next to Dhaka Medical College Hospital.

Dhaka of February 1952 was a political volcano. Meetings, processions, rallies and picketing were everyday events in the Dhaka university campus. On 19 February, Jabbar took leave of all his relatives. After dinner while he was taking leave from her aunt Aysha Khatun, she affectionately tied the buttons of his shirt. Jabbar spent the night of 20 February at some Abdul Hai’s residence.

In the morning of 21 February Jabbar went to hospital to see his mother-in-law. After spending some time with Dr Sirajul Islam, Jabbar went outside the hospital gate to buy some fruits for the patient. The procession of language movement was culminating outside. Crowds with fiery eyes and thundering slogans-We demand Bangla as state language-turned the university campus into a battleground. The spirit of the protesting crowd sucked Jabbar in within a flash. Mother-in-law, hospital, fruits all faded away from his memory. Jabbar became the crowd, he carried the banner in front of the procession. When the police opened fire, Jabbar being in the front line, was one of the first to fall.

With Barkat and other martyrs of language movement, Jabbar was immediately taken into the emergency. Jabbar breathed his last on the way to the operation theatre: the first martyr to be one with eternity.

Shafiur Rahman: 28 years old High Court staff and a law student Shafiur Rahman was killed by the Pakistani troops beside the Khoshmahal Restaurant near Rathkhola on Nababpur road. Shafiur Rahman was the father of a daughter and left behind his pregnant wife and a big family dependent on his income. His father’s name was Maulabi Mahbubur Rahman and he was born in Konnagar village of the Hugli district in India.

Ahi Ullah: Details of language martyr Ahi Ullah are still unknown as the police later captured his dead body and dumped. He was the son of a builder named Habibur Rahman.

Abdul Awal: Abdul Awal died under the police truck used to disperse the funeral procession of the martyrs of the Bangla language movement.

An unidentified boy: Like Abdul Awal, this unidentified lad was run over by the police truck used to disperse the funeral procession of the martyrs of the Bangla language movement. His death was never acknowledged by the Pakistani government.

Champion of Bangla Language

The contributors in the Bangla language movement

Dr Mohd Shahidullah (10 July 1885-13 July 1969). Professor	Maulana Bhasani (1885-1976). Politics
Dhirendra Nath Datta (1897- 1971). Lawyer and politician	Dr Quazi Motahar Hossain (1897-1981). Professor
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (Father of Bangladesh)	Maulana Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish (1900-85).Politics
Abul Hashim (1905-74). Politics	Ataur Rahman Khan (1905). Law and politics
Abdus Salam (1910-77). Jouralism	Abul Kalam Samsuddin (1897-1978) Journalism
Tofajjal Hossain Manik Miah (1911-69). Journalism	Osman Ali (1900-71) Daudkandi, Comilla) Business & Politics
Shaokat Osman (1917-) Huglee, India). Novelist	Sikandar Abu Jafor (1919-75, Tetulia, Khulna): Journalist & poet
Mohd Abdul Hai (1919-69, Murshidabad, India). Teaching	Samsul Huq (1920-64, Tangail): Politics
Mohd Abul Kashem (1920- Debendi, Chittagong)	Golam Maola (1921-67, Naria, Shariatpur). Medicine and Politics
Abdus Samad Azad (1922, Bhuakhali, Sunamganj). Politics	Kalim Sharafi (1924-): Singer
Mohd Toaha(1922-87) Kushakhali, Laksmipur: Politics	Kamruddin Hossain Shahud (1925- Janglibari, Kishoreganj). Teaching
Munier Chaudhury (1925-71, Dhaka). Professor, Playwright.	Tajuddin Ahmed (1925-75), Kapasia, Dhaka): The leader of the liberation war.
Sardar Fazlul Karim (1925- Barisal). Professor	Shahidullah Kaiser (1926-71, Noakhali). Journalist and Novelist
Mofazzal Haider Chowdhury (1926-71). Professor	Mohd Sultan (1926-83, Boda, Panchagar): Politics & Business
SA Bari AT (1927-87, Munshipara, Dinajpur). Politics and law.	Mustafa Nurul Islam (1927, Nisindara, Bogra). Teaching
Kazi Golam Mahbub (1927, Barisal): Politics & law	Rafiq Uddin Bhuiyan (1928, Merenga, Mymensing).Politics
Badrul Alam (1927-80, Sherpur). Medicine	Mosharaf Hossain Chowdhury (1927, Tangail). Business
Meer Hossain Ahmed (1927, Dhaka). Professional	Mahbub Alam Chowdhury (1927, Chittagong): Industrialist
Ataur Rahman (1927, Bogra): Teaching	Abdul Momen (1928, Mohanganj, Netrokona). Politics & law
Abdul Matin (1928, Shailjana, Pabna). Politics	Fakir Shahabuddin (1927-89, Kapasia, Dhaka). Politics & law
Fazle Lohani (1928-85, Kolkata, India). Journalist & TV Presenter	Gaziul Huq (1928). Lawyer
MA Ajmal Hossain Bulbul (1928, Sirajganj). Medicine	KG Mustafa: (1928, Kuripara, Sirajganj). Journalism
Zillur Rahman (1929, Kishoreganj) Politics & law	Abdul Gafur(1929-). Journalism
Ahmed Rafiq (1929, Comilla). Medicine	Ali Ahad (1929, Comilla). Politics
Shamsur Rahman (1929, Mahuttuli, Dhaka). Poet	Usha Bepari (1929, Rajbari). Nursing
Abdullah al Muti (1930, Pabna). Scientist	Zulmat Ali Khan (1930,Mymensing). Politics & law
Mohd Ali Asgar (1930) Comilla. Medicine	Habibur Rahman Shelly (1930) Murshidabad, India). Judge
Abdul Latif (1930,Raipasha, Barisal). Singer and musician	Ishtiaq Ahmed (1930, Kolkata, India)
MR Akhtar Mukul (1930) Bogra. Journalism	Anwarul Huq Khan (1930,Basirhat, India). Publisc service
Bahauddin Chowdhury (1930, Armanitola, Dhaka):Journalism	Altaf Mahmud (1930,Muladi, Barisal) Singer and musician
Sufia Karim (1930, Pabna). Teacher	Momtaz Begum (1930,Narayanganj). Teacher
Hasan Hafizur Rahman (1931, Jamalpur). Journalist and poet	Safia Khatun (1931, Kolkata, India). Teaching
Nizamul Huq (1931, Chhagalnaiya, Feni). Dance teacher	Aminul Islam (1931,Totia, Dhaka) Teacher, Arts College
Sadek Khan (1931,Munsiganj). Journalism	Abdul Gaffar Chowdhury (1932, Ulania, Barisal). Journalism
Murtaza Bashir (1932, Ramna, Dhaka). Teacher, Arts College	MN Nurul Alam (1932, Rajshahi). Lawyer
Sufia Ahammad (1932, Dhaka). Teacher	Sayeed Atikullah (1933, Tangail).Journalism
Halima Khatun (1933, Bagerhat). Lecturer	Abu Zafar Obaidullah (1934,Barisal). professional and poet
Zahir Ryhan (1935, Noakhali): Film director	Syed Samsul Huq (1935,Rangpur). Novelist, poet
Golam Murtaza (1936, Dhaka). Business	Mohd Mokammel (1937, Bhola). Bureaucrat
Anisuz Zaman (1937, Kolkata, India). Professor

Dinajpur
Dabirul Islam	Abdur rahman Chowdhury
Nurul Huda	Kader Bakhs
Yusuf Ali	Mohd Farhad

Bogra
Syed Nawab Ali	Abdul Matin
Mojaharul Islam Abu	Jalal Uddin Akbar
Fazlur Rahman	Saleha (Rani)
Mujibur Rahman Akkelpuri

Chittagong
Kabial Ramesh Sheel	Ahsab Uddin Ahmed
Principal Rafiq	Pulin Dey
Sucharit Chowdhury

Pabna
M Mansur Ali	Amzad Hossain
Mahbubur Rahman	Aminul Islam
Prorsad Ray	Kamal Lohani

Dhaka
Prof Mozaffar Ahmed Chowdhury	Prof Ajit Guha
Khairat Hossain	Ahmmad Ali
Ranesh Dasgupta	Satyen Sen
Wadud Patwari	Amulya Kanchan Ray
Abdul Aalim	Alauddin al Azad
Imadullah Lala	Momin Talukdar
ATM Shamsul Huq	Rowshan Ara Bacchu
Borhan Uddin Khan Jahangir	Abdul Gani Hajari
MA Muhit	Ibrahim Taha
Farman Ullah	Anis Chowdhury
Sirajul Islam	MA Mukit
Rafiqul Islam	Prof AT Latif

Sources:

Jagriti, Jatiotabad o Ekushe: Shamszzaman Khan
A Glimpse into Language Movement: Prof Abdul Gofur
Ekush: The Sanctuary of Existenc: Ziaban Chaudhury
Children of Ekushe: Syed shamsul Haque
Neglected Politics in the History of Language Movement: mostafa Hossain
Vacillating Minds: Anisuz Zaman
Present Reality and 52s Language Movement: Zubaida Gulshan Ara
Unfinished Monument (An Interview with sculptor Hamidur Rahman): Shahriar Kabir
Bangali for a month and Muslim for another Month: Meer Nurul Islam
Syed Nawab Ali Chaudhury: Abu M Motahar
Ekusher Katha: Shahidullah Kaiser
Ekusher Dupurey: Fazle Lohani
A Forgotten Day of Language Movement: Sheikh Mahabubul Alam
The Wall of English: Mohammad Jahangeer
The Ekushe I Saw: Kazi Motahar Ali
February of 1952: What happened in Dhaka: Doctor (Capt) Abdul Baset
Language Movement of 52 in Chittagong: Azizur Rahman
Language Movement in Sylhet: Dewan Mohd Ajraf
Language Movement in Bogra: Golam Mahniuddin
Emotion Defied Obstruction that Day: Sufia Ahmed
Few Blood Stained Moments of 21 February 1952: Mostaque Hossain
Rajshahi in Language Movement: Justice M Ansar Ali
Ekushe Book Fair: Wakil Ahmed
Our Shahid Minar:Tanjin Hossain
Ekusher Dalil: MR Aktar Mukul.

Bhaasha Andolon-Pinaki Deb Apu

Bhaasha Andolon Of Bangladesh

Bangla Language Movement

21 February 1952

Language Heroes

Rafiq, Salam, Barkat, Jabbar

Champion of Bangla Language

The contributors in the Bangla language movement

Dinajpur

Bogra

Chittagong

Pabna

Dhaka